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Umunede Delta State: A Brief Cultural And Historical Gem – Elvis Ogboi

DELTA STATE: Umunede, Delta state is a cultural and historical gem. Is a historic town located in Ika North East Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria. known for its vibrant culture, rich history, and enduring traditions. As one of the oldest communities in the state, Umunede offers a unique glimpse into the customs, beliefs, and ways of life of the people of Delta State. This town has grown over centuries from a small community into a thriving urban settlement while preserving the essence of its roots.

Location and Geography

Located in the northern part of Delta State, Umunede falls within the Ika North East Local Government Area. The town is geographically positioned between major towns like Agbor and Issele Uku/Ogwuashi Uku , making it an accessible location for visitors from other regions of Delta State and beyond. It is situated along the Benin-Asaba highway, which connects it to key cities, including Benin City, Asaba (the Delta State capital), and Onitsha, which enhances its accessibility and economic significance. Umunede’s strategic location has historically facilitated trade and cultural exchange with neighboring communities.

The climate of Umunede, like much of Delta State, is tropical, characterized by a wet season and a dry season. The fertile land supports a range of agriculture, from subsistence farming to commercial activities. Crops such as yam, cassava, maize, and oil palm thrive here, reflecting the town’s agricultural heritage.

Historical Background

The history of Umunede is steeped in legend, oral traditions, and documented records. It is said that Umunede was founded by Ede, a warrior and hunter from the ancient Benin Kingdom, who migrated eastward from Benin with his family and followers in search of new territory. Settling in what is now Umunede, Ede and his people established a structured community that gradually developed its unique identity. The kingdom is believed to have strong ancestral links to the Benin Kingdom, evident in their customs and reverence for monarchical traditions.

UMUNEDE MONARCH CALLS FOR PEACE AS... - Ika Weekly Newspaper | FacebookObi Agadagidi. The Obi of Umunede Kingdom

Umunede has grown from a small settlement into a major town within Delta State. The people of Umunede have maintained strong cultural and social structures, with a system of chieftaincy, community festivals, and practices that reinforce their connection to their ancestors. Despite modernization and urban growth, Umunede has retained much of its traditional heritage.

The Culture of Umunede

Umunede’s culture is a blend of traditional beliefs, customs, and practices that are unique to the Ika people of Delta State. Culture here plays a central role in the daily lives of the people, and the town is known for its colourful festivals, dances, language, and attire. One of the town’s most notable cultural expressions is the Umunede Igue Festival, a yearly event that attracts both locals and tourists.

UMUNEDE MONARCH CALLS FOR PEACE AS... - Ika Weekly Newspaper | Facebook

The Royal Father, Obi Agadagidi JP The Obi of Umunede Kingdom and His Chiefs

  • Language: The Ika language, a variation of Igbo, is the primary language spoken in Umunede. This language is similar to other dialects spoken in neighboring towns ans villages but has its distinct pronunciation and vocabulary. Language is an essential part of identity in Umunede, used not only for communication but as a means of preserving history and values. Despite the influence of English, especially among younger generations, the people of Umunede still hold onto their native tongue with pride.
  • Traditional Attire: Clothing in Umunede reflects the cultural heritage of the people. On special occasions, locals wear traditional attire, often crafted from woven fabrics like Ankara and George cloth, adorned with coral beads, especially for women. Men typically wear wrappers and shirts with hats, while women wear blouses and wrappers with head ties. These attires symbolize wealth, status, and cultural pride.
  • Dances and Music: Music and dance play a central role in Umunede’s cultural practices, especially during ceremonies and festivals. Traditional dances such as the Nmawu and women cultural dances are integral to the social fabric of the town. These dances are not only a form of entertainment but are also considered a way to connect with ancestral spirits and seek blessings. The rhythmic beats of traditional instruments like the Egede (a wooden drum with animal skin), iboma (metal gong), and Udu (clay pot drum) set the stage for these powerful dance performances.
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Festivals and Celebrations

One of the most significant aspects of life in Umunede is its vibrant festivals, which celebrate the cultural heritage and unity of the town’s people. These festivals are held annually and draw large crowds, including visitors from neighboring communities and even international tourists. The festivals serve as an opportunity for the people of Umunede to honor their ancestors, pay respects to their deities, and celebrate their history.

DELTA Kulture | [ CULTURE ] The Igue festival marks the beginning of a new planting season for the Umunede people in Ika North East of Delta State… | Instagram

  • The Prices and first daughter of the Obi performing a traditional rite.
  • Igue Festival: The Igue Festival, celebrated annually, is one of the most important cultural events in Umunede. The festival marks the beginning of the new planting season and serves as a thanksgiving event to gods for a safe clearing of farm yards. During the Igue Festival, there are colorful displays of traditional dances, music, and performances. The festival also includes communal feasting, where families gather to share meals, strengthen bonds, and celebration
  • .The Iwaji (New Yam Festival) of the Umunede people in Delta State is a cherished annual celebration that marks the beginning of the yam harvest season. Celebrated with great enthusiasm, the festival is an expression of gratitude to the gods for a successful harvest and a prayer for continued fertility of the land.
  • During Iwaji, the people of Umunede gather to honor their ancestors and deities through traditional rituals and, communal feasting,. The festival typically begins with the Obi (king) offering the first yam to the gods, symbolizing respect and thanksgiving. This act is followed by the ceremonial roasting and eating of yams, which signals the official start of the harvest season.

    The festival fosters a spirit of unity, as families and friends come together to celebrate their cultural heritage, reinforcing the bonds within the community and honouring the agricultural roots that have sustained Umunede for generations.

The Social Structure and Traditional Ruling System

Umunede has a traditional ruling structure led by the Obi (king) of Umunede, who is regarded as the spiritual and political head of the kingdom. The Obi’s role is not only to maintain law and order but also to preserve the customs and traditions of the people. The Obi is seen as a mediator between the people and their ancestors, holding a position of great respect and authority. Under the Obi, there are chiefs, elders and National body/branch executive who assist in governance and decision-making, often representing different families or quarters within the kingdom.

The town is also divided into four major quarters, (Obi, Idumu Ileje,Idumu Oba and Idumu lle) with its traditional roles and responsibilities. These quarters work together to ensure the smooth functioning of the community, maintaining a system of checks and balances that has been in place for generations. The social structure of Umunede reinforces the collective identity of its people, encouraging unity and cooperation.

Modern Umunede: Balancing Tradition and Modernity

In recent years, Umunede has seen significant development in terms of infrastructure, education, and commerce. The town’s location along a major highway has contributed to its growth, attracting businesses, investors, and settlers. Modern buildings, schools, hospitals, shopping centers ,Hotels, industries, Police divisional head quarters,High courts  etc now stand alongside traditional compounds, reflecting a blend of old and new.

Education is increasingly valued in Umunede, with schools teaching both the English language and the Ika language to foster bilingualism. The younger generation is encouraged to embrace both their cultural heritage and the opportunities presented by modernization. Many young people are moving to larger cities for education and employment, but there is a strong sense of loyalty to their hometown, with many returning during festive periods and family gatherings.

Commerce is also thriving in Umunede, with markets offering a variety of goods, from local agricultural produce to modern consumer goods. These markets serve as a hub for social interaction, bringing people together and reinforcing community bonds. Umunede’s strategic location along a major transportation route has also made it a trading post, connecting the region with neighboring states and contributing to the local economy

Umunede is a town that embodies the spirit of the Ika people, showcasing a rich blend of culture, tradition, and progress. With its vibrant festivals, deep-rooted customs, and respect for its traditional governance, Umunede remains a beacon of Delta State’s heritage.

As the town continues to grow, it manages to preserve its history and traditions while embracing modern advancements. For visitors and residents alike, Umunede offers a unique experience, a harmonious blend of the past and the future, where culture and progress thrive side by side.

Whether through its colorful festivals, traditional dances, or historic sites, Umunede provides a compelling glimpse into the essence of the Ika people and their dedication to preserving their legacy. The town is a true gem of Delta State, standing as a testament to the strength, resilience, and unity of its people.

Written by Ogboi Azuka Elvis
Entrepreneur and Nigerian News Blogger
www.rapidospace.com

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